Rialto Core Civil (RCC) Construction

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#047 Cantilever retaining walls Specification and details

Cantilever wall are usually of reinforced concrete and work on the principles of leverage. Have much thinner stem, and utilize the weight of the backfill soil to provide most of the resistance to sliding and overturning. Most common type of earth- retaining structure. The cantilever retaining wall (“cantilever wall”) constructed of reinforced Portland-cement concrete (PCC) was the predominant type of rigid retaining wall used from about the 1920s to the 1970s Earth slopes and earth retaining structures are used to maintain two different ground surface elevations. FUNCTION To retain the soil at a slope that is greater than it would naturally assume, usually at a vertical or near vertical position. Design Consideration In order to calculate the pressure exerted at any point on the wall, the following must be taken in account: height of water table nature & type of soil subsoil water movements type of wall material used in the construction of wall The

#048 Allowable maximum deflection in Beams and slabs

Maximum ratios of computed deflection to span L for beams and slabs as per ACI 318: The Building Code: Types of member Deflection to be considered Deflection Limit Flat roofs not supporting or attached to non-structural elements likely to be damaged by large deflection. Immediate deflection due to the live load. L/180* Floors not supporting or attached to non-structural elements likely to be damaged by large deflections. Immediate deflection due to the live load. L/360. Roof or floor construction supporting or attached to non-structural elements likely to be damaged by large deflections. That part of the total deflection that occurs after attachment of the non-structural elements (the sum of the long-term deflection due to all sustained loads and the immediate deflection due to any additional live load.*** L/480** Roof or floor construction supporting or attached to non-structural elements not likely to be damaged by large deflections. L/240 $ *

#52 RCC slab Reinforcement information (One way & Two way slab)

Reinforcement detailing of a slab is done based on its support conditions. Slab may be supported on walls or beams or columns. Slab supported directly by columns are called flat slab. Slab supported on two sides and bending takes place predominantly in one direction only is called One Way Slab. On the other hand, when slab is supported on all four sides and bending take place in two directions are said to be Two Way Slab. The slabs having ratio of longer length to its shorter length (L y /L x ) greater than 2 is called one way slab otherwise as two way slab . In one way slab main reinforcement is parallel to shorter direction and the reinforcement parallel to longer direction is called distribution steel. In two way slab main reinforcement is provided along both direction. Slabs could be simply supported, continuous or cantilever. In two way slab the corners may be held down by restraints or may be allowed to lift up. Additional torsion reinforcement is required at corners whe

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